Medical Devices
Biological Evaluation Endpoints by Nature of Body Contact
| Medical Device Classification |
Characteristics of Body Contact | Category | Surface-Contacting Medical Device | Externally Communicating Medical Device | Implant Medical Device | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contact Site | Skin | Mucosal Membrane | Breached or Compromised Surface | Indirect Blood Path | Tissue, Bone, and Dentin | Circulating Blood | Tissue and Bone | Blood | ||||||||||||||||||
| Contact Duration | A | B | C | A | B | C | A | B | C | A | B | C | A | B | C | A | B | C | A | B | C | A | B | C | ||
| A: Limited (≤24 hours), B: Prolonged (>24 hours to 30 days), C: Permanent (>30 days) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Biological Effects | Cytotoxicity Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
| Sensitization Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ||
| Irritation or Intracutaneous Reactivity Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ||
| Pyrogen study | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ||||||||
| Acute Systemic Toxicity Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ||||||
| Subacute Toxicity Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||||
| Subchronic Toxicity Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Chronic toxicity | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Implantation Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||||
| Hemocompatibility Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | |||||||||||||||||
| Genotoxicity Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | |||||||||||||
| Carcinogenicity Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Reproductive Toxicity Test | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ||||||||||||||||||||||